Represented a financial services company in the successful defense of long-running antitrust MDL alleging that credit card issuers conspired to adopt and maintain arbitration provisions with class action waivers in their cardholder agreements. Following a six-week bench trial, the District Court entered judgment for the issuers on plaintiffs’ antitrust claims for injunctive relief against the challenged arbitration provisions. The ruling was affirmed by the 2nd Circuit on appeal.*